NĀ KAULĀ ANA ʻO MARK O'KELLY i nā ʻaoʻao o ka pena kiʻi PORTRAIT MA IRELAND.
koke Hiki ke nānā ʻia ke kiʻi ma ke ʻano he mōʻaukala o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka papa, ka maka patriarchal a me ka hegemony ʻoihana. Ua hiki nō ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia, i loko o nā makahiki, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi o nā kiʻi paʻi a hoʻokūkū ʻia me ka nani ma o ka hoʻokalakupua ʻana o nā mea pena kiʻi o nā mōʻaukala a me nā au o kēia wā. He hoʻopiʻi nui kēia kahua ākea a hāpai i ka hanohano nui no ka mea pena a me ke kumuhana i ka pae o ka ʻike aupuni, ka ʻike a me ke kūlana.
ʻO ke ʻano mōʻaukala no nā kiʻi Irelani o kēia wā a me ka laulā o ka hana o kēia manawa i kahi ʻano o nā hanana i hala iho nei: ʻo ka Freud Project ma IMMA; ka wehe hou ʻana o ka National Portrait Collection; a me nā komisina kiʻi kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe e ka Royal Irish Academy (RIA), ka National Gallery a me ka Hennessy Portrait Prize. ʻO ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka pena kiʻi ma ʻIlalani i kākoʻo nui ʻia e ka hana a ka Royal Hibernian Academy (RHA). ʻO nā hana e hoʻomau nei e hōʻiliʻili, hōʻike a me nā kiʻi komisina e hōʻoia i ka mea nui o ka ʻano ma waena o nā hui nui o kēia ʻāina.
ʻO ke kiʻi Irani, ma muli o kāna hana, ua hoʻohou i ke kaʻina o ke kōmike ʻana: ka hoʻokō pono ʻana i nā pae hoʻohālikelike e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka manaʻo o ka mea noho a i ʻole ke keʻena ma ke ʻano he kumumanaʻo e hoʻolauleʻa ai i ke ola lāhui i ka nui. I ka manawa like, i ka hoʻomohala postmodern like, ua hāʻawi pinepine ʻia ka hoʻokō i ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻano o ka mea noho. ʻO ka pōʻaiapili moʻomeheu a me nā ʻoihana mōʻaukala o ke kumuhana (portraiture iho), ma ke ʻano he paradigm o ke kapikala politika a me ka nohona kanaka, ua lilo i kumu nui o ka mea pena kiʻi. I ka moʻomeheu ʻike maka o kēia au, nā kiʻi a me nā kiʻi paʻi e hoʻomālaha i nā hierarchies o ka kaulana a i ʻole ka hoʻokō ʻana a, i ka hana ʻana pēlā, undercut linear hoʻokokoke i ke kumuhana. I kēia mau lā, ʻo nā pae hoʻohālikelike e hoʻoholo ana i ka hoʻokō a me ka kaulana i emi iki ka ʻoki ʻana. ʻAʻole kuhi kēia mau ʻano i nā kumu hoʻoikaika ma hope o ke koho ʻana i nā kumuhana o ke kiʻi paʻi akā hoʻokau pū ʻia hoʻi nā hana o ka pena kiʻi ʻana i hoʻohana ʻia ke kiʻi o ke kanaka e hoʻopau ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hoʻohanohano a me ka hoʻomanaʻo.
Nā Moʻolelo Archival
ʻO ke kiʻi i hoʻoili ʻia e pili ana i ka waihona e like me nā dute e hoʻomalu nei i kahi mea kākau inoa o ka mokuʻāina. ʻO kahi laʻana maikaʻi ke komisina ʻana o kahi kiʻi o kēlā me kēia lawelawe ʻo Taoiseach, e hana ana i kahi koi maʻamau maʻamau no ka moʻolelo ʻike o ke aupuni. Ke hōʻike nei i ka paʻakikī o kahi kaiāulu e ulu nei, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pae komisina i kēia manawa he mea maʻamau e pili ana i ke koho balota a me ka mea pena kiʻi. No laila, i ke kahua o nā kiʻi i kēia lā, hoʻokūkū ka lehulehu a me nā pono pilikino e hoʻopaʻa inoa a ʻae i nā kiʻi kaiāulu a me nā ʻano politika like ʻole o ka mana no ka hoʻomaikaʻi.
ʻO nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi nui a me nā kiʻi i hana ʻia e nā mea pena kiʻi Irish e hoʻomau i ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi loea o ke kikoʻī kikoʻī i ka wehewehe ʻana i ke ʻano o ka mea noho a me ke ʻano o kā lākou hana. Hōʻike nā kiʻi ʻona he nui i ke ʻano o ka hōʻike pono ʻana i nā kapa komo, nā hōʻailona o ke keʻena a me nā mea kākau inoa ʻē aʻe. Ma hope o kēia kuʻuna, ʻo nā mea pena Irelani o ke koʻikoʻi a me ke kūpaʻa pū kekahi me Carey Clarke, James Hanley a me Conor Walton - nā mea hana kiʻi maoli i ka pena a me ka ʻike e hoʻomau i ka hana hou ma o nā ʻano kau inoa. Pēlā nō, ʻo Mick O'Dea kahi mea pena kiʻi paʻi ʻole, akā, i ka alualu ʻana i nā kiʻi ma ʻō aku o nā pelekikena a me nā noho, ua hoʻomohala ʻo ia i kahi waihona pilikino pilikino o nā kiʻi paʻi. Ma o nā papahana he nui o kāna hoʻolālā ponoʻī, ua hoʻonui ʻo O'Dea i ka pōʻai o ka hoʻopili kaiāulu i kāna hana eclectic a me ka manawaleʻa mau. ʻO O'Dea's 2013 kiʻi o ka mea pena kiʻi ʻo Stephen McKenna (1939 - 2017) kahi hiʻohiʻona neʻe o kona hiki ke kūkākūkā i nā like ʻole o ka pilina a me ka pili. Hoʻomaopopo mālie ka pena ʻana i ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina a McKenna ma mua akā ma mua i mua o kona alo ma ke ʻano he mea kaha kiʻi i kahi keʻena. ʻIke ʻia mai kahi manawa like o ka manawa o ka wā o kēia manawa, ʻo kā Nick Miller ʻāpana hōʻoia o ka wā hope loa ʻo Barrie Cooke (1931 - 2014) hāʻawi pū kekahi i kahi moʻolelo mōʻaukala koʻikoʻi, ʻaʻole ma ka liʻiliʻi o ka pili aloha ma waena o nā mea pena kiʻi. ʻO Miller Noho hope: Kiʻi o Barrie Cooke (2013) hōʻike i ke alo o Cooke i kahi hālāwai kūkaʻi ʻole ʻole a hāʻawi ʻia iā Hennessy Portrait Prize ma 2014.
Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, e hāhai ana i ke ʻano o nā mea pena pena e like me Lucian Freud, noho inoa ʻole ʻia nā mea noho, nā kiʻi pena i ka mea pena kiʻi ma ke ʻano he mea nānā. Eia nō naʻe, kahi hana pena a Freud a Queen Elizabeth II kahi hana kūʻē e kūʻē i kēia ʻano hoʻokokoke ʻia, ua kipaku ʻia i kahi kiʻi nui loa i loko o kāna noi e ʻae ʻo ia i ka luhi o ke kau ʻana i ka lei kaumaha o ʻEnelani no ka lōʻihi o ka noho. Me he mea nui lā ʻo 2016 - kahi makahiki o ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ko ʻIralani - ua ʻike ʻia ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka Freud Project ma IMMA. Hōʻike nā kiʻi ma ka hōʻike i ka hoʻoilina Irish i Freud's oeuvre, e like me ke ʻano o ka transposition o ke keʻena studio ʻo Bacon i Dublin i ka makahiki 1998 i hōʻoia ai i kahi kiʻiona ʻIlani e paʻi ma hope o ke kaua kiʻi Pelekane. Ma kēia ala, kānalua ʻole nā kiʻi ponoʻī iā lākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka milieu Anglo-ʻIlani i hōʻike ʻia i ka hana a Freud, me nā moʻolelo ʻohana, nā hana haʻuki a me nā laʻana ʻē aʻe o ka hoʻololi moʻomeheu ma waena o kā mākou mau mokuʻāina kokoke.
I ke ana ʻana o ka pena kiʻi Irelani, hoʻonui ʻia ka honua a me nā hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū i nā mea nui, keu hoʻi i ka wā e noʻonoʻo ai i ke alo o nā kiʻi āpau a me nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi. I ka pena kiʻi a Colin Davidson's 2015 o ka Chancellor Kelemania, Angela Merkel: ma Abstentia, Komikina ʻia no ka uhi o Ka makasina manawa, hiki iā mākou ke nānā i nā kumu paʻakikī i ka hana. ʻIke ʻia ka mana o Freud ma luna o Davidson i kāna equivocation o ka koke a me ka materiality o ka pena. ʻO kēia kiʻi pena kahi moʻomeheu moʻomeheu koʻikoʻi a kūleʻa i ka kamaʻilio ʻana i nā kumuhana ākea i ka laulā ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana o ke kanaka a me kahi, e hoʻonui nei i ke ʻano o ka hana a Davidson ma ke ʻano he painter-auteur. Hana ia ma ke ʻano he kumu no ka mediation ākea a hōʻailona i ka paradox hoʻokaʻawale / hoʻohui o ka papahana ʻEulopa e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia e kahi mea pena kiʻi ʻAkau ʻIlani. Hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻi i nā mea noʻeau a me nā ʻano politika i pili i ka hana pena ʻana. Ua lilo ka papahana artistic heroic a Davidson i aniani i mimilo ʻia e ʻike ʻia ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa i hoʻokumu ʻia e Merkel-East.
Ua kauoha ʻia ʻo Geraldine O'Neill e ka National Gallery of Ireland i ka makahiki 2015 e pena i ke kiʻi o ka mea hoʻolālā hanau ma Hong-Kong ʻo John Rocha. Ua noho ʻo Rocha ma ʻIlani mai ka hopena o ka makahiki 1970 a ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i CBE ma 2002. Ma ke kiʻi piha piha o O'Neill, ua hōʻike wahaheʻe ʻia ʻo ia i kahi wahi i loko e hōʻike ana i kahi keʻena i uhi ʻia, e kūlike me nā kiʻi nui a O'Neill i loko o nā keʻena studio, e ʻoluʻolu pinepine ʻia e nā lālā o ka ʻohana. I loko o kēia pena, ko O'Neill ʻano ikaika i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka hakahaka a me kāna hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pā kala kala i hoʻohuli ʻia i hoʻopili ʻia i ko Rocha minimalist sensibility. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hoʻohālikelike manaʻo ma waena o nā papa hana hoʻoliʻiliʻi divergent - hoʻopili ʻia i ka hana, ka ʻili a me ke kala, a me nā hana moʻomeheu i hōʻike ʻia - i hōʻike ʻia e ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mea a Rocha.
Nā Komisina Hou
Ma mua o nā komisina kiʻi hou nui a nā mea pena kiʻi Irelani i hoʻokumu ʻia, e hoʻomaka ana nā kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi ʻōpio e wāwahi i ka hahau. Ua hāʻawi aku nei ka Hennessey Portrait Prize iā Gerry Davis - ʻo ia ka mea i lanakila i ka makana 2016 me kāna kiʻi pili o ka hoa pena kiʻi ʻo Seán Guinan - e kiʻi i ke kiʻi o ka mea hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū All-Ireland ʻO Henry Shefflin. Ua kau ʻia ke kiʻi ma ka National Gallery - ʻo ka manawa mua i hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea pāʻani GAA i ka hōʻiliʻili. He mea pena kiʻi forensically ʻo Davis. I loko o nā kiʻi ʻelua i hōʻike ʻia, ʻo kāna kiko o ka nānā ʻana, mai kahi kokoke a hiki i kahi mamao palena ʻole, lawe i ka 'airspace' i noho ʻia e nā kumuhana, e hōʻaiʻē ana i ka manawa poignancy o ka heroic melankoly.
ʻO kekahi mea pena kiʻi ʻē aʻe i hana i nā kōkua kupaianaha i ke kahua hoʻonui o ka paʻi kiʻi ma ʻIlaniia ʻo Vera Klute, ka mea i lanakila i ka Hennessey Portrait ma 2015. ʻO kekahi o nā hana aloha a Klute ʻo ia kona kiʻi kūhelu o Sister Stanislaus Kennedy, i kauoha ʻia e ka National Gallery ma 2014 i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kāna hana o ke ola ma ke ʻano he campaigner no ka hoʻoponopono kaiāulu. Ua kono ʻia ʻo Klute e hoʻomohala i ʻehā mau kiʻi hou no ka RIA's 'Women on Walls', kahi papahana komisina i ʻimi e "ʻike ʻia nā alakaʻi wahine" ma o ke ʻano o nā kiʻi hou. ʻIke ʻia nā kiʻi paʻi a Klute e hōʻike ana i nā ʻepekema wahine ʻIlani wahine kaulana - nā lālā wahine mua o ka RIA - i koho ʻia ma 1949 (164 mau makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka RIA).
ʻO ka hana mua loa paha ia o nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi e hoʻopau ʻia i nā makahiki i hala aku nei ma ʻIlaniia, ʻo ia kā Blaise Smith kiʻi paʻi kiʻi, ʻEwalu mau ʻepekema (2016), hoʻomohala ʻia hoʻi no 'Women on Walls'. ʻO kēia pena ke kumuhana o nā ʻōlelo a me ka hoʻolauleʻa nui, no kāna hana ʻenehana a me ke ala e kamaʻilio ai i ka ʻuhane a me ke ʻano o kāna mau kumuhana. ʻO kā Smith kumu i hope o ke kiʻi e hoʻolaha i nā mea i ʻike nui ʻia i waena o nā wahine ʻepekema alakaʻi i ʻIrani i kēia lā. Witty, hoʻokumu a mākaukau kāna ʻano a he mea nui ia no ka mea hou ia i ke ʻano o nā kiʻi o nā pūʻulu kula e like me ko mākou wā. ʻO kēlā me kēia kiʻi i hōʻike ʻia i loko o ka pena pena ʻia nā mana kūikawā, kā lākou noiʻi noiʻi hōʻeuʻeu i hana ʻia i ke kino e like me nā totemika hoʻokalakupua, ke mele nei i kēia mau ʻepekema wahine ma ke ʻano he superhero archetypes - ka 'X-Women' o ka ʻepekema ʻIlani.
Nā hōʻike haʻi moʻolelo
Ma waho aʻe o ka matrix maʻamau o ke komisina a me ke kiʻi o nā mea noho kaulana, he nui nā mea pena kiʻi Irina i pena i nā helehelena a me nā kiʻi e like me nā kumu nui o kā lākou hana. E like me nā hana a Freud, ʻike ʻole ʻole ʻia ka mea noho a me ka hiʻohiʻona mōʻaukala o ke ʻano ponoʻī i hoʻoulu ʻia no ka moʻolelo a me ka hopena kamaʻilio. ʻO Genieve Figgis kahi mea pena kiʻi ʻIlika hua nui aʻe i ʻike nui ʻia ma waena o ka honua no kāna mau kiʻi pena, e pili ana i nā 'hale nui' a pae i ka gentry o ka mōʻaukala mōʻaukala. ʻO ka moʻomeheu Anglo-ʻIlani a me ka palapala moʻokalaleo i kā Figgis hana, e kuhikuhi ana i nā moʻolelo e pili ana i ka ʻike i hana ʻia ma o nā mea noʻeau a me nā hana keaka wā. Hōʻike kāna hana i ke kiʻi mōʻaukala o ka pena kiʻi ʻana ma ke ʻano he moeʻuhane o nā sicres komikina pouli, kahi a ka Rothchach-style abstraction e hoʻohālikelike ai i nā kiʻi o ka mana kolona e like me ka dictates o ka cliché mōʻaukala. Kūpono kāna mau pena kiʻi mai nā ʻano kiʻi like ʻole a pau, e hoʻokau i ke ʻano iā ia iho i kahi ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana o kāna mau kiʻi, nā manaʻo a me nā kuleana.
ʻO Sheila Rennick kekahi iconoclast nona ka hana e kamaʻilio ai i nā nīnau e pili ana i ka hoʻokokoke ʻia ʻana o ke kumuhana kanaka i nā ʻōlelo o kēia au. I ka hana a Rennick, hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano idiomatic a me ke kaʻina hana lōʻihi o ke aniani ʻōnaehana ma ke ʻano o kahi helehelena a me ka palette, ʻaʻole like me ke kūlana nani o ka mea pena kiʻi Austrian a me ka mea paʻi kiʻi mau loa ʻo Maria Lassnig a i ʻole ka neo-expressionist Philip Guston. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e nā haku mele freewheeling, improvisation feckless a me ka noi hōʻino o ka impasto mānoanoa, nā kiʻi nui a me nā bawdy a Rennick e pili ana i ke aloha nui no nā subcultures marginalized āna e hōʻike ai. I kāna kiʻi pālua ʻO nā Doggers (2014) - ka mea hoʻokūkū i ka Makana Marmite o ka makahiki i hala no ka pena ʻana - hoʻihoʻi nā mea aloha i uhi ʻia i kā mākou nānā hoʻokolokolo, i kahi ʻano like me ke kīwī kīwī, e hana ana i kahi lele lele ma luna o ka paia no nā ʻike kūwaha a ʻokoʻa hoʻi, i hana wale ʻia. ʻike hapa ʻia i ko mākou honua ma o ka pāpāho hoʻolaha.
ʻO Mark O'Kelly kahi mea pena kiʻi e noho a hana ana ma Dublin a me Limerick. He kumu aʻo ʻo ia ma Fine Art ma Limerick School of Art and Design (LSAD). ʻO kāna hana ka hopena o kahi hana o ka noiʻi e ʻimi i ka ākea ma waena o ka pepa paʻi kiʻi a me ke kiʻi hoʻonani.
Nā kiʻi i hoʻohana ʻia: Blaise Smith, ʻEwalu mau ʻepekema, 2016, kaʻaila ma ka panalāʻau gesso; ohi o ka Royal Irish Academy; ua kauoha ʻia ma ke ʻano he mahele o ka Campent 'Women on Walls' Campaign; lanakila o ka US Council / Irish Arts Review Portraiture Award 2017; kiʻi ʻoluʻolu a ka mea pena. Nick Miller, ʻO ke kiʻi noho hope loa o Barrie Cooke, 2013; ʻoluʻolu kiʻi a ka mea pena a me ka National Gallery of Ireland. ʻO Geraldine O'Neill, John Rocha (b.1953), Hoʻolālā, 2015, ʻaila ma ka lilina; ua kauoha ʻia no ka National Portrait Collection; ʻoluʻolu kiʻi o National Gallery of Ireland. ʻO Shiela Rennick, ʻO nā Doggers, 2014, acrylic ma ka pepa; ʻoluʻolu kiʻi o Hillsboro Fine Art.
